This is an environmental scan of NAADSN research products under the following headings (with many intersection points):

Arctic Security
Major Power Competition and North American Defence
NORAD Modernization and the Future of North American Defence
Canada as a Maritime Nation
Climate Change Implications for Defence and Security
Disaster and Pandemic Response
Canada-US Relations and the Defence of North America
Indigenous Peoples’ and Northerners’ Perspectives
Emerging Technologies, Disinformation, and the “Gray Zone”

Quick Impact Reports, Past and Upcoming Events, Event Videos, Reading Lists, and Annotated Bibliographies also address these topics and can be found on their respective pages.

Arctic Security

• Strategic Perspective: Beavers and Lions: Comparing Canadian and Norwegian Arctic Narratives, by Gabriella Gricius, February 2023 
• Special Report: Special Operation Forces and the Arctic: Meeting North America’s 21st Century Security Needs, James R. Morton Jr. and Troy J. Bouffard, Mobilizing Insights in Defence and Security (MINDS) program, Department of National Defence, Ottawa, Quebec. August 2022.
• Strategic Perspective: War in Ukraine dilutes Russia’s Arctic successes and damages future plans, by Sergey Sukhankin, July 2022
• Strategic Perspective: International Arctic Responses to the Further Russian Invasion of Ukraine: Key Sources, compiled by Andrew Bresnahan, Ryan Dean, P. Whitney Lackenbauer, and Bridget Larocque, current as of 30 June 2022.
• Special Report: The Arctic Barometer – June 2022: Predictions of Arctic experts on the future of the region, Mathieu Landriault and Paul Minard. In partnership with Observatoire de la politique et la sécurité de l’Arctique, June 2022 
• Rapport spécial: Le baromètre arctique – Juin 2022: Prédictions d’experts arctiques sur le futur de la région, Mathieu Landriault et Paul Minard. En partenariat avec Observatoire de la politique et la sécurité de l’Arctique, Juin 2022
• Strategic Perspective: International Arctic Responses to the Further Russian Invasion of Ukraine: Key Sources, compiled by Andrew Bresnahan, P. Whitney Lackenbauer, and Bridget Larocque, current as of 9 March 2022 at 1200 EDT
• Activity Report: Effects of Recent Developments on Arctic Governance, Arctic Academic eTalks Closed Session Report, March 2022
• Special Report: The Canadian Rangers @ 75: Key Documents, 1947-2022, compiled and introduced by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, February 2022. Documents on Canadian Arctic Sovereignty and Security (DCASS) No. 19. In partnership with the Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies and the Arctic Institute of North America.
• Engage Series: The Canadian Armed Forces’ Eyes, Ears, and Voice in Remote Regions: Selected Writings on the Canadian Rangers, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, January 2022 [also available in a lower resolution (12.9MB) version].
• Policy Brief: Les ressources naturelles, par Frédéric Lasserre et Pauline Pic, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Policy Brief: La connectivité, par Michael Delaunay, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Policy Brief: La navigation, par Frédéric Lasserre, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Policy Brief: La sécurité humaine, par Magali Vullierme, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Policy Brief: La diplomatie, par Camille Escudé Joffres, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Policy Brief: The European Arctic: Developments in 2021, by Thomas Hughes, December 2021
• Policy Brief: La défense dans l’Arctique européen, par Thomas Hughes, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Policy Brief: La défense dans l’Arctique nord-américain, par P. Whitney Lackenbauer et Troy Bouffard, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2021, décembre 2021
• Special Report: L’année arctique 2021, OPSA Revue annuelle, 2021. Pour les chapitres individuels, veuillez cliquer ici
• Engage Series: Debating Arctic Security: Selected Writings by Rob Huebert and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, 2010-2021, by Rob Huebert and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, November 2021.
• Special Report: A Comparison of Strategies and Policies of the Eight Arctic States, compiled by Jill Barclay, November 2021
• Policy Primer: Public Opinion Polls Across the Arctic, 2007 – 2021: Dataset, Methodology, and Takeaways on Post-2014 and the Arctic, by Gabriella Gricius, November 2021
• Policy Primer: Legitimization of the Arctic Coastal States (A5) through the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) Fisheries Agreement, by Nicole Covey, October 2021
• Special Report: Canada and the Origins of the Arctic Council: Key Documents, 1988-1998, edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Ryan Dean, September 2021. Documents on Canadian Arctic Sovereignty and Security (DCASS) Number 18, 2021. In partnership with the Centre for Military, Security and Strategic Studies and the Arctic Institute of North America.
• Event Report: Beyond the Cooperation-Conflict Conundrum: Proceedings of an Arctic Security Webinar Series, February 2021, edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Peggy Mason. Series co-organized with the Canadian Pugwash Group and the Rideau Institute.
• Policy Primer: The Republic of Korea’s Interests and Priorities in the Arctic, by Tina J. Park, March 2021
• Engage Series: On Thin Ice? Perspectives on Arctic Security, edited by Duncan Depledge and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, March 2021
• Policy Brief: Threats Through, To, and In the Arctic: A Framework for Analysis, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, March 2021
• Policy Brief: Arctic Security and Sovereignty through a Media Lens: A Study by Mathieu Landriault, by Praneel K. Gayan, A Brief from Breaking Through: Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic, March 2021
• Policy Brief: The Case for Traditional Security, by Nicole Covey, A Brief from Breaking Through: Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic, March 2021
• Policy Brief: “Understanding the Recent History of Energy Security in the Arctic”, by Jackson Bellamy, A Brief from Breaking Through: Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic, March 2021
• Policy Brief: Sovereign Futures in an Insecure Arctic, by Carly MacArthur, A Brief from Breaking Through: Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic, March 2021
• Event Report: Arctic Hard Security Taskforce: Summary of the 10 December expert workshop, by Dr. Mathieu Boulègue and Dr. Duncan Depledge, March 2021
• Policy Primer: Human Security, Europe, and the Arctic, Gabriella Gricius, February 2021
• Policy Brief: Les ressources naturelles, par Frédéric Lasserre et Pauline Pic, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: La connectivité, par Michael Delaunay, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: La navigation, par Frédéric Lasserre, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: La sécurite humaine, par Magali Vullierme, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: La diplomatie, par Mathieu Landriault, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: Les opérations et acquisitions militaires, par Adam MacDonald et Thomas Hughes, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: Arctic Military Development in 2020: Three Key Trends, by Thomas Hughes and Adam P. MacDonald, December 2020
• Special Report: Understanding the Future Arctic Security Environment: Applying NATO Strategic Foresight Analysis to Canadian Arctic Defence and Security, November 2020. [also available in high resolution (58MB) version]
• Special Report: L’année arctique 2020, OPSA Revue annuelle, December 2020. Pour les chapitres individuels, veuillez cliquer ici
• Monograph Series: La Sécurité Arctique 2000-2010: Une décennie turbulente? by Mathieu Landriault, Peterborough: North American and Arctic Defence and Security Network, June 2020.
• Policy Brief: The Arctic Council: A Key Moment of Challenge, by Andrew Chater, February 2020
• Monograph Series: Custos Borealis: The Military in the Canadian North, by Ken Eyre, edited with an introduction and afterword by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, foreword by BGen Patrick Carpentier. xliii, 351 pp. Peterborough: North American and Arctic Defence and Security Network, January 2020.
• Special Report: L’année arctique 2019, OPSA Revue annuelle, 2019.
• Policy Brief: Perspectives européennes sur la sécurité arctique – Une analyse des énoncés de politique arctique de l’Allemagne, la France et l’Écosse, by Mathieu Landriault, November 2019
• Policy Brief: European perspectives on Arctic security: Analysis of the 2019 policy statements of Germany, France and Scotland, by Mathieu Landriault, October 2019
• Event Report: Fieldnotes from an Arctic “Bazaar”: Report on the Arctic Circle Assembly, by Whitney Lackenbauer, October 2019
  

Major Power Competition and North American Defence

• Policy Primer: Human Security in the Arctic: A Review of the Russian Literature, by Demyan Plakhov, January 2022
• Policy Brief: China-Russian Cooperation, American Hegemony, and Great Power Competition in the Arctic: Positioning Canada as an Arctic Power in an Uncertain Age, by Adam P. MacDonald, December 2021
• Policy Primer: The “Izborsk Club”: A Call From the Past or Insight into Russia’s Future? by Sergey Sukhankin, November 2021
• Policy Brief: Sputnik‘s Coverage of Trump’s Declaration Over the Purchase of Greenland, by Gabrielle LaFortune and Mathieu Landriault, October 2021
• Policy Brief: The (Potential) Sino-Russian Maritime Partnership: Impacts on the Arctic Region, by Sergy Sukhankin, October 2021
• Policy Primer: Chinese State Media English Language Discourse in the Arctic Region (2016-2021), by Matthew P. Stepien, September 2021
• Engage Series: Russia and the Arctic in an Era of Strategic Competition: Selected Writings, by Sergey Sukhankin, August 2021.
• Policy Primer: Is the Arctic Still a Forgotten Flank? Examining NATO Engagement in the Arctic, by Mackenzie Foxall, August 2021
• Policy Primer: NATO Sanctions Policy, by Demyan Plakhov, July 2021
• Activity Report: Expectations from the Russian Arctic Council Chairmanship, Arctic Academic eTalks Closed Session Report, June 2021
• Policy Brief: Russia’s ‘Green’ Agenda in the Arctic Council: Words, Deeds, and Implications for the West, by Sergey Sukhankin, July 2021
• Special Report: Great Power Competition in the Anthropocene Arctic: Proceedings of an Institute of Advanced Studies Spotlight Series Workshop, edited by Duncan Depledge, June 2021.
• Policy Primer: Chinese Arctic Discourse, 2018 to Present, by Erin Parsons, June 2021
• Policy Brief: China as Arctic Council Observer: Compliance and Compatibility, by Andrew Chater, May 2021
• Strategic Perspective: The Development of the Russian Arctic Council Chairmanship: A Strategic Plan of Preparation and Pursuit, by Troy Bouffard and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, March 2021
• Engage Series: China’s Arctic Engagement: Following the Polar Silk Road to Greenland and Russia, edited by Justin Barnes, Heather Exner-Pirot, Lassi Heininen, and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, March 2021
• Policy Brief: The Pivot from Terrorism in an Era of Renewed Great Power Competition, by Shannon Nash, September 2020
• Policy Primer: What is Russia Doing in the Arctic? Documenting Russian Military Actions in the North between 2014 – 2020, by Danielle Cherpako, August 2020, Annex of the data set (Zoom to view)
• Strategic Perspective: Why Fear Russia in the Arctic? Contemplating Scenarios as an Exercise in Assumption-Testing and “Red Teaming”, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, May 2020
• Engaged Series: Возможно ли растопить ледяной занавес? Россия, Канада и вопросы безопасности в меняющейся Арктике, под редакцией П. Уитни Лакенбауэра и Сюзанн Лалонд, Перевод на русский язык под редакцией Андрея Тодорова (May 2020) [Russian translation of Breaking the Ice Curtain? Russia, Canada, and Arctic Security in a Changing Circumpolar World, edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Suzanne Lalonde (Calgary: Canadian Global Affairs Institute, 2019)
• Strategic Perspective: China’s Arctic Gambit? Contemplating Possible Strategies, by Ryan Dean and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, April 2020
• Policy Brief: Literature Review on Russia’s Strategic Intentions Since 2015, by Andrew Chater, April 2020
• Policy Brief: The Nuances of Geopolitics in the Arctic, by Andreas Østhagen, January 2020
• Event Report: Zapad, Vostok, Tsentr: Russian Military Exercises, Alliances and Capabilities, by Mathieu Landriault, Adam MacDonald, and Thomas Hughes, November 2019

NORAD Modernization and the Future of North American Defence

• Policy Brief: The Arctic and North American Defence: Reflections on 2021, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Troy Bouffard, December 2021
• Event Report: NORAD Modernization Closed Door Workshop, June 2021
• Policy Primer: NORAD Modernization: Considering the Threat of Small UAS to (Integrated) Air and Missile Defence, by Christopher Verklan, June 2021
• Strategic Perspective: Reflections on Arctic Arms Control and Proposals for an Arctic Nuclear-Weapons-Free Zone (ANWFZ), by Alexander MacDonald, May 2021
• Engage Series: Shielding North America: Canada’s Role in All-Domain Continental Defence Modernization, edited by Nancy Teeple and Ryan Dean, March 2021
• Policy Primer: The Theory and Evolution of Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones: Could the Arctic Be Next?, by Alexander MacDonald, February 2021
• Strategic Perspective: An Opportunity for NORAD Modernization in a Joint CA-US Cyber Component, by Kristen Csenkey and MCpl Dominique Philippe Genest, January 2021. Publié en français avec le Réseau d’analyse stratégique
• Policy Brief: La défense nord-américaine, par P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Troy Bouffard et Nancy Teeple, Revue annuelle – L’année arctique 2020, décembre 2020
• Policy Brief: The Arctic and North American Defence, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Troy Bouffard, and Nancy Teeple, December 2020
• Event Report: NORAD Modernization Forum Third Report: JADC2/JADO, by Ryan Dean and Nancy Teeple, October 2020
• Event Report: NORAD Modernization Forum Second Report: Defeat Capabilities, CDA Institute, by Ryan Dean and Nancy Teeple, September 2020
• Event Report: NORAD Modernization Forum First Report: Awareness and Sensors, CDA Institute, by Ryan Dean and Nancy Teeple, September 2020
• Policy Primer: The NORAD Discussion on Twitter: analysis of themes, trends and social relationships, by Mathieu Landriault and Jean-François Savard, September 2020
• Policy Brief: Canada and Missile Defence: A New Strategic Context Requires Revisiting Participation, by Nancy Teeple, August 2020
• Policy Primer: Opinions and framing of the North Warning System from the Canadian North, Gabrielle LaFortune and Mathieu Landriault, August 2020
• Policy Primer: The Continental Defence Debate in the Canadian Public Sphere – Evidence from Traditional Media and Parliamentary Committees, by Mathieu Landriault, Paul Minard, and Praneel Gayan, August 2020
• Engaged Series: Deterrence, Arms Control, and Cooperative Security: Selected Writings on Arctic Security, by Ernie Regehr, June 2020
• Policy Brief: The Case for a Reimagined NWS, by Andrea Charron, October 2019

Canada and the Maritime Arctic

• Policy Brief: An Undeserved Reputation: Revising Canada’s Arctic Sovereignty and Security under the Harper Government, by Ryan Dean, A Brief from Breaking Through: Understanding Sovereignty and Security in the Circumpolar Arctic, March 2021
• Strategic Perspective: A Developing Maritime Operational Environment: Forward Presence and Freedom of Navigation in the Arctic, by Troy Bouffard, January 2021
• Policy Primer: Some Design Considerations for Arctic-Capable Submarines, by Timothy Choi and Adam Lajeunesse, November 2020
• Monograph Series: Canada and the Maritime Arctic: Boundaries, Shelves, and Waters, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Suzanne Lalonde, and Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon. xvii, 196 pp. Peterborough: North American and Arctic Defence and Security Network, March 2020.
• Event Report: Fieldnotes from Attending MASS: Report on the 2019 Maritime & Arctic Security & Safety Conference “People & Technology: Making the Connection”, by Ryan Dean, November 2019

Climate Change Implications for Defence and Security

• Policy Primer: Climate Security in an ‘Anthropocene Arctic’, by Justin Barnes, June 2022
• Policy Brief: Creating a Non-Military Disaster Workforce Must be Part of Canada’s Climate Change Response, by Peter Kikkert, December 2021
• Policy Primer: Powering Canada’s Territories: Governing Critical Infrastructure Assets (2015-2021), by Christina Bouchard, October 2021
• Policy Primer: Geoengineering in the Canadian Arctic: Governance Challenges, by Jill Barclay, January 2021
• Strategic Perspective: Lessons Learned from COVID-19: Insights for Climate Change Mitigation, by Jackson Bellamy, December 2020
• Policy Primer: Climate Change Disinformation and Polarization in Canadian Society, by Jackson Bellamy, December 2020
• Policy Primer: Arctic Airports and Aerodromes as Critical Infrastructure, by Christina Bouchard, November 2020
• Policy Primer: The Impacts of Climate Change on North American Defence and Security, by Jill Barclay, Jayde Lavoie, Carly MacArthur, and Maria Nallim, September 2020
• Policy Primer: Arctic Highways as Critical Infrastructure, by Christina Bouchard, August 2020
• Policy Primer: Alternative Energy in the Canadian North, by Jackson Bellamy, August 2020
• Event Report: Sea-ice loss and the Arctic region, by Nathalie Poirier and Mathieu Landriault, January 2020, See the Event page here

Disaster and Pandemic Response

• Policy Brief: Enhancing the Canadian Ranger Role in Disaster/Emergency Management (DEM), by Peter Kikkert and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, February 2021
• Policy Primer: Strengthening Search and Rescue in Nunavut: Approaches and Options, by Peter Kikkert and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, January 2021
• Policy Primer: OP-LASER 2020 – Evaluation des impacts sur les Rangers canadiens & sur les communautés du Nunavik, by Magali Vullierme, January 2021
• Special Report: Measuring the Success of the Canadian Rangers, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Peter Kikkert, October 2020  [also available in high resolution (75MB) and low resolution (7.3MB) versions]
• Policy Brief: The Canadian Rangers and COVID-19, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer and Peter Kikkert, June 2020
• Policy Brief: Questions soulevées par les impacts de la crise de la COVID-19 sur les Rangers et sur les communautés du Nunavik, by Magali Vullierme, June 2020
• Event Report: Kitikmeot Roundtable on Search and Rescue – General Report and Findings. Report from a workshop hosted at the Canadian High Arctic Research Station (CHARS) in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, 31 January – 1 February 2020, See the Event page here

Canada-US Relations, the United States, and the Defence of North America

• Policy Brief: The Permanent Joint Board on Defence: Foundational or “Limbo” to a Renewed Purpose?, by Nicholas Glesby, August 2021
• Strategic Perspective: North American Arctic Security Expectations in a New U.S. Administration, by Troy Bouffard, Wilfrid Greaves, P. Whitney Lackenbauer, and Nancy Teeple, November 2020
• Event Report: Advancing Collaboration in Canada- US Arctic Regional Security (ACCUSARS) Workshop Report, event co-hosted with the Arctic Domain Awareness Center (ADAC), September 2020, See the Event page here
• Event Report: Report on the North Star Event: The First US Air Force Arctic Strategy, by Nancy Teeple, July 2020
• Policy Brief: Democracy, Donald Trump, and the Canada-US Security Environment, by Wilfrid Greaves, May 2020
• Policy Primer: U.S. Arctic Policy: Threats, Actors, and Outcomes, by Nancy Teeple, April 2020
• Event Report: The Permanent Joint Board on Defence (PJBD): How Permanent and Joint? Celebrating 80 Years of Cooperation – Post Event Report, February 2020, See the Event page here
• Policy Brief: Arctic Ironies: American Shaping of an Arctic Regime, by Ryan Dean, January 2020
• Policy Brief: U.S. Arctic Messaging in an Era of Renewed Great Power Competition, by Shannon Nash, November 2019

Indigenous Peoples’ Perspectives and Relationship Building in Northern Communities

• Policy Brief: Diversity Statistics, Self-Identification Data, and the Canadian Rangers: Underestimating Indigenous Peoples’ Participation Rates in the Canadian Army, by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, April 2021
• Event Special Report: Voices from the Arctic: Diverse Views on Canadian Arctic Security, Dalee Sambo Dorough, Bridget Larocque, Kaviq Kaluraq, and Daniel Taukie, November 2020, See the Event page here
• Policy Primer: Mise en œuvre de la DNUDPA: quelques implications pour les Forces armées canadiennes dans l’Arctique, by Nicolas Kempf, November 2020
• Policy Brief: Improving the Canadian Armed Forces’ Recruitment and Retention of Indigenous People: Best Practices from the New Zealand Defence Force, by Jayde Lavoie and Jill Barclay, September 2020
• Policy Brief: A GBA+ Analysis of the Arctic and Northern Policy Framework – Safety, Security, and Defence Chapter, by Nathalie Poirier, August 2020
• Special Report: Using Civil-Military Operations to “Expand and Deepen” Relationships with Northern Communities: Examples from Alaska and Australia, by Peter Kikkert and P. Whitney Lackenbauer, July 2020
• Policy Brief: Engagement with Inuit People by the Canadian Military via social media, by Mathieu Landriault and Jean-François Savard, March 2020

Emerging Technologies, Disinformation, and the “Gray Zone”

• Policy Primer: Leveraging the Canadian Space Sector to Improve Arctic Infrastructure and Communications: RADARSAT and Telesat, by Emily Standfield and Jill Barclay, July 2021
• Strategic Perspective: An Opportunity for NORAD Modernization in a Joint CA-US Cyber Component, by Kristen Csenkey and MCpl Dominique Philippe Genest, January 2021
• Policy Brief: Terrorism and the Terrorized: How the ‘Terrorism’ Label is Informed and Applied to a Violent Attack in Canada, by Shannon Nash, January 2021
• Strategic Perspective: Cyber Capacity Building in the Canadian Arctic and the North, by Kristen Csenkey and Maj. Bruno Perron, October 2020